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A resident individual/HUF, incurring expenditure on maintenance of relative dependent, being a person with disability, can claim deduction under section 80DD. Deduction is available in respect of any of the following:
(a) Expenditure incurred on medical treatment (including nursing), training, rehabilitation of a dependent person with disability.
(b) Amount paid or deposited under a scheme of LIC or any other insurer or UTI or specified company duly approved by the Board, for maintenance of dependent person with disability.
1) In case of an individual, it will include spouse, children, parents, brothers and sisters of the individual, or any of them who is mainly or wholly dependent on such individual; and
2) In case of a HUF, it will include any member of the HUF, who is mainly or wholly dependent on such HUF.
Provided that such dependent person has not claim any deduction under section 80U.
Such person is suffering from a specified disability which generally includes blindness, low vision, leprosy-cured, hearing impairment, locomotor’s disability, mental retardation and mental illness [see section 2(i) of the Person with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 ], it will also include “autism”,
“cerebral palsy”, and “multiple disability”, referred to in clauses (a), (c) and (h) of section 2 of National Trust for welfare of Person with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999.
Person with severe disability means:-
1. A person with 80% or more of one or more disabilities, as referred to in section 56(4) of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 (1 of 1996); or
2. A person with severe disability referred to in clause (o) of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999 (44 of 1999).
If the taxpayer incurs any expenditure as mentioned in (a) or (b) above, then a flat deduction of Rs. 75,000 is available, irrespective of the amount of such expenditure. However, if the dependent person is suffering from severe disability (i.e., disability of 80% or above), then the amount of deduction will be Rs. 1,25,000.
Following important points should be kept in mind while claiming deduction under
section 80DD:
1. The taxpayer should obtain a copy of certificate (Form No. 10-IA) issued by the medical authority (fresh certificate is required in case of reassessment of disability after the expiry of the period mentioned in original certificate).
2. If the dependent predeceases the taxpayer or the member of HUF referred to above, then amount paid or deposited in (b) above, shall be charged to tax in the hands of the taxpayer for the previous year in which such sum is received.
Illustration
Brother of Mr. Raja (a resident) is totally blind and is dependent on Mr. Raja. During the year 2016-17, Mr. Raja has incurred expenditure of Rs. 10,000 on training and rehabilitation of his brother. Can Mr. Raja claim any deduction in respect of expenditure incurred by him on maintenance of his physically handicapped brother?
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In this case, all the criteria of section 80DD are satisfied and hence, Mr. Raja can claim a flat deduction of Rs. 1,25,000 under section 80DD (since his brother is suffering from 100% disability).
Suppose in the above case, instead of 100% disability, his brother is suffering from disability of less than 80%, then the amount of deduction will be limited to Rs. 75,000.
